Malaybalay
City, the capital and the first city in the province of Bukidnon
is located in Northern Mindanao. It is bounded on the east by
the Pantaron Range that separates Bukidnon from the Provinces
of Agusan del Sur and Davao del Norte, on the west by the municipality
of Lantapan and Mount Kitanglad, on the north by the municipality
of Impasug-ong and on the south by the Valencia City and municipality
of San Fernando. The whole eastern and southeastern border adjoining
Agusan and Davao called the Pantaron Range are elevated and densely
forested mountains, which is one of the remaining forest blocks
of Mindanao. The City is a landlocked area, the nearest sea and
air ports being in Cagayan de Oro City, which is 91 kilometers
away.
Physical
Characteristics
Land
Area and Classification
The total
land area of the City is 108.259 hectares, which is about 13%
of the total provincial land area. Land portion or 65% of
the land area is classified as forestland, the remaining 35% is
alienable and disposable. The city is composed of 46 barangays,
11 of which are in the urban center with an area of 1,720 hectares,
while 7 barangays comprising 19,709 hectares are considered
urbanizing. The remaining 28 are rural barangays with a
total land area of 86,830 hectares.
Soil
Types and Major Landforms
About 66%
of the City's soil is identified as undifferentiated mountain
soil and the rest are clay. The predominant types of clay
are Kidapawan, Alimodian, and Adtuyon, which are generally good
for cropland and general farming.
The major landforms
on the other hand consist of mountains, which have favorable soil
properties and cool climate that favors the introduction of highland
tropical crops. However, these areas, due to steep slopes
are quite erosible when cultivated.
Climate,
Topography and Slope
The climate
classification of Malaybalay falls under the fourth type or intermediate
B type, that is, with no very pronounced maximum rain period and
dry season. The period of May to October is usually with
heavy rains, while November to April is the relatively dry months.
Due to this, Malaybalay's climate remains cool throughout the
year. Being a landlocked area, the City is far from the
paths of typhoons.
The
average elevation of the City is 622 meters above sea level and
almost 60% of the total land area has above 30% slope, characterized
by steep hills, mountains and cliff-like streamside. About
25% are level, gently sloping and undulating. The rest are
rolling and hilly.
Demographic
Profile
Population
Data from
the National Statistics Office (NSO) year 2000 census show that
population of Malaybalay City has reached 123,672.
The figure was only 112,277 in the year 1995 census, which
means that the rate of provincial growth rate is at 1.95%. The projected population then of 2001 is 126,086.
The provincial growth rate is 2.43%, while the neighboring
city of Valencia is 2.45%.
According
to its spatial distribution, urbanizing barangays has the highest
growth rate at 2.25% followed by the rural barangays at 2.23%,
while the least growth registered is in the urban center at only
0.66%. The least growth in the urban center is due to more rapid residential
growth in the nearby urbanizing areas.
Population
Growth Rate
|
Location
|
1995 Population
|
2000 Population
|
Growth Rate
|
|
Urban
|
20,678
|
21,365
|
0.66%
|
|
Urbanizing
|
41,093
|
45,923
|
2.25%
|
|
Rural
|
50,506
|
56,384
|
2.23%
|
|
TOTAL/AVE.
|
112,277
|
123,672
|
1.95%
|
|
Source: NSO, CPDO |
As
to population density, the urban center is densely populated with
12.51 persons per hectare, urbanizing areas followed at 2.38 persons
per hectare and the rural barangays are less dense at less than
1 person per hectare.
The
city has a very young population, NSO data showed that majority
or 70% of population is below 30 years old.
Sex distribution on the other hand is almost equal, with
51% male and 49 female per 94 females for every 100 males.
Population
by Age Distribution and Sex
|
Age Group
|
Both Sexes
|
Male
|
Female
|
% Distribution by Sex
|
% Distribution by Age Group
|
|
Male |
Female |
|
0-2 |
12,581 |
6,542 |
6,039 |
52.0 |
48.0 |
9.4 |
|
3-5 |
12,529 |
6,427 |
6,102 |
51.3 |
48.7 |
9.4 |
|
6-12 |
26,244 |
13,358 |
12,886 |
50.9 |
49.1 |
19.6 |
|
13-17 |
15,285 |
7,765 |
7,520 |
50.8 |
49.2 |
11.4 |
|
18-24 |
17,520 |
8,865 |
8,655 |
50.6 |
49.4 |
13.1 |
|
25-59 |
44,279 |
23,158 |
21,121 |
52.3 |
47.7 |
33.1 |
|
60
Above |
5,166 |
2,609 |
2,557 |
50.5 |
49.5 |
3.9 |
|
TOTAL |
133,604 |
68,724 |
64,880 |
51.4 |
48.6% |
100% |
| Source:
NSO, CPDO, * Projected
from 1995 and 2000 data |
Based
on projections, the productive population (15-64 years old) increased
from 52,701 in 1990 to 72,589 in 2000.
About 60% of the productive population are in the labor
force and gainfully employed, which means that around 40% are
not in the labor force.
Household
Population 15 Years Old and Over By
Sex and Employment Status
|
Category
|
Population
|
Percent Distribution
|
|
Both
Sexes |
Male
|
Female
|
Both
Sexes |
Male
|
Female
|
|
Household
Population 15 Years and Over |
68,084
|
36,085
|
31,999
|
-
|
-
|
-
|
|
In
the Labor Force |
40,987
|
27,778
|
13,208
|
60.20%
|
40.80%
|
19.40%
|
|
Not
in the Labor Force |
27,097
|
8,306
|
18,791
|
39.80%
|
10.70%
|
29.10%
|
| Source:
NSO, CPDO, * Projected
from 1995 and 2000 data |
Social
Profile
Education
The
city has a total of 21 kindergarten schools, 65 primary/elementary
schools, 13 secondary schools, 4 tertiary schools and 2 technical/vocational
schools. Forty-five
out of forty-six barangays of the city has at least 1 elementary
school, while secondary schools are strategically located in areas
with relatively higher population and the tertiary schools are
all found in the urban center.
However, Bukidnon National High School established 5 extension
schools in different urbanizing and rural barangays such as Aglayan,
Can-ayan, Kalasungay, San Jose and Barangay Casisiang. The
lone barangay that has only a primary school is found in the mountainous
area of the city with a population of 690 only.
Based
on the data gathered for the Department of Education, for school
year 2003-2004 the following are the basic performance indicators
for elementary and secondary public schools.
Year End Performance Indicators, Government Elementary
and Secondary Schools, School Year 2003-2004
|
Indicators
|
Elementary
|
Secondary
|
| Male
|
Female |
Total |
Male |
Female |
Total |
| Failure
Rate |
1.72 |
1.00 |
2.72 |
0.73 |
0.59 |
1.32 |
| Dropout
Rate |
0.89 |
0.44 |
1.33 |
3.05 |
2.21 |
5.26 |
| Promotion
Rate |
48.93 |
46.28 |
95.21 |
41.54 |
51.93 |
93.47 |
| Completion
Rate |
24.78 |
29.04 |
53.82 |
34.70 |
42.86 |
77.56 |
| Graduation
Rate |
43.26 |
50.56 |
93.83 |
42.65 |
53.01 |
95.66 |
| Source:
DepEd |
As
can be seen in the data above, in the elementary level females
show higher performance indicators than the males.
Females have lower failure and dropout rates of 1.00% and
0.44% respectively and higher rates for completion (29.04%) and
graduation (50.56%)
In
the secondary level, however, males have higher failure and dropout
rates at 0.73% and 3.05%.
While the females have low promotion, completion and graduation
rates of 51.93%, 42.86% and 53.01% respectively compared to 41.54%,
34.70% and 42.65% rates of their male counterparts.
Literacy
rate in Malaybalay is quite high at 90%.
Literacy is higher among younger age group compared to the above-40
age bracket.
Health
and Nutrition
Though
there is no sex-disaggregated data of the vital health statistics,
data collected from the City Health Office show a positive trend
in the health practices. As shown in the table below, though
the fetal mortality rate increase by 5, other indicators such
as Crude Birth Rate, Infant Mortality Rate and Maternal Mortality
Rate show a decreasing trend in the last five years. Ten
leading causes of mortality (in order) are hypertensive vascular
disease, accidents, pneumonias, tuberculosis, cancer, kidney disease,
sepsis, liver disease, coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus.
Year
2003 nutrition status report revealed that there are 2,827 pre-school
and school children that are moderately and severely underweight.
The City Nutrition Section identified 10 barangays with high malnutrition
prevalence and 60 public and private elementary schools.
To
promote nutrition advocacy, Nutrition Centers were established.
As of 2004, there are 46 Nutrition Centers, 12 of which were financed
by the City Government in the amount of P 250,000 each through
the 20% Development Fund. There are also 71 Barangay Nutrition
Scholars (BNS) who served the total population specifically the
pre-schoolers ages 0-71 months.
Health
Indicators
|
HEALTH INDICATORS
|
2003
|
Past 5-Yr. Average (1998-2002)
|
Remarks
|
| Crude
Birth Rate |
21.24 |
17.28 |
20.14%
Increase |
| Crude
Death Rate |
4.44 |
4.44 |
- |
| Infant
Mortality Rate |
7.87 |
11.24 |
28.71
Decrease |
| Fetal
Mortality Rate |
20.39 |
19.43 |
4.94%
Increase |
| Maternal
Mortality Rate |
1.79 |
1.77 |
1.13%
Increase |
| Morbidity
Rate |
137.66 |
57.36 |
140.00%
Increase |
| Infant
Mortality Rate |
834.35 |
376.46 |
121.00%
Increase |
As to infrastructure,
there are 3 private hospitals and 1 public hospital (Bukidnon
Provincial Hospital) in the City, with 241 combined numbers of
beds, which means that there is 1 bed available for every 523
population. There are also 12 medical clinics and 9 dental
clinics. But this is being compensated by the establishment
of health centers in almost every barangay with assigned health
workers, midwives, nutrition scholars and trained hilots that
provide simple health services to the barangay residents.
Below is the list of medical personnel and their respective ratio
given the 2004 projected population of 133,604.
Medical
Personnel to Population Ratio
|
Medical Personnel
|
Numbers
|
Personnel: Population Ratio
|
| Doctors |
45 |
1:3,968 |
| Nurses |
127 |
1:1,052 |
| Medical
Specialists |
6 |
1:22,267 |
| Consultants |
14 |
1:9,543 |
| Midwives |
56 |
1:2,385 |
| Dentists |
17 |
1:7,859 |
| Pharmacists |
15 |
1:8,906 |
| Medical
Technologists |
22 |
1:6,072 |
| Physical
Therapists |
7 |
1:19,085 |
| Radiological
Technologists |
5 |
1:26,720 |
| Sanitary
Inspectors |
4 |
1:33,401 |
| X
Ray Technicians |
6 |
1:22,267 |
| Barangay
Health Workers |
465 |
1:287 |
| Barangay
Nutrition Scholars |
69 |
1:1,936 |
| Nursing
Aids |
52 |
1:2,569 |
| Registered
Trained Hilots |
119 |
1:1,122 |
| Nursing
Aides |
3 |
1:44,534 |
In
its efforts to bring health services to the people especially
to the upland barangays, a lying-in clinic in Barangay Mapulo
was established to cater to the needs of the barangays of the
upper Pulangi area.
Housing
Recent
data shows that there are 23,033 housing units in the city, of
which 97.92% are occupied. The ratio of household to occupied
housing units in the entire city is 1.02 that means there are
cases where more than one household live in a single house unit.
The City
Social Welfare and Development Office (CSWDO) have identified
2,784 squatter families in the city.
An
inventory of subdivisions revealed that there are about 37.5193
hectares of land for housing development and only about 1,518
houses are constructed of which 50% are already occupied and the
remaining 50% are owned by the provincial
government that has already been allocated to families
previously occupying their lands.
Social
Welfare
In
addition to formal schools, there are 107 day care centers (DCC)
within the whole City but only 85 are accredited. Forty-three
out of forty-six barangays of the City has at least one DCC.
The
CSWDO has also facilitated the establishment of 1 office/center
for the senior citizen and construction of 30 houses and 20
home improvements under the SEA Kabayan program. Next
to physical project of the CSWDO is the Family Center which
already been constructed.
In
the 2003 Annual Report, the CSWDO recognized that there is a
tremendous increase in the number of needy individuals in crisis
situation who sought assistance from the office. The actual
number of individuals served by the CSWDO has reached to 22,270.
Transportation
Inventory of
the roads in the city showed that there are about 1,100 kilometers
of road linking the different parts of the city. About
103 km. are classified as national road, 60 km. provincial road,
26 km. city road and 879.9 km. barangay roads. The forestal
communities in rural barangays are usually linked by old logging
roads that are passable only by farm animals and motorcycles.
Electricity
Forty-four (44)
out of forty-six (46) barangays of the city have electric connections
served by the Bukidnon Second Electric Cooperative (BUSECO), but
only 65.35% of the total household population has connection.
Water
Supply
Recent
data (2003) from the City Health Office and Malaybalay City Water
District (MCWD) showed that 73.74% of the total household population
has access to safe potable water while the remaining 26.26% have
other sources (undeveloped springs, rivers and creeks).
A closer look at those with access to safe potable water reveals
that only 27.70% of the total household population is on level
III (Water district) connections, and 2.61% and 43.43% respectively
for level I and II systems. The MCWD serves only 14 out
of 46 barangays of the entire city. The areas served are
concentrated in the 11 urban barangays and 3 of the urbanizing
barangays.
Looking
closely at the spatial distribution of the water system, more
than 26.26% of the households in the urban center itself have
"other sources". The CHO defines other sources
as those without own connections and usually buy from neighbors
with connections, those getting water from undeveloped springs
and wells. However, with the ongoing construction of the
Kibalabag water system, water supply in the urban center and some
highway barangays will no longer be a problem.
Protective
Services
Presently
there are 74 policemen and 38 firemen serving the whole city,
which has a total population of 133,604 (2004 projected population).
This means that one policeman is serving at least 1,805
populations. This low number of policemen is compensated by the presence
of 938 civilian volunteers who assist in keeping peace and order
especially in the rural areas.
The
Malaybalay City Police Station has recorded a total of 145 crime
incidents in year 2003, which is 2.84% higher compared to previous
year. Forty-nine
percent (49%) of these crimes fall under non-index classification
that is mostly violation of local ordinances, while 26% were against
person, and 25% were against property.
The average monthly crime rate is posted at 9.22 per 100,000
populations showing a decrease of 1% compared to year 2002. Most crimes are committed in the urban center. Crime
solution efficacy increased from 84% in 2002 to 56% in 2003.
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