Misamis
was an old Spanish town which was conquered through faith by Jesuit
missionaries. Although obscure, the origin of the name "Misamis"
is believed to have derived from the Subano word "Kuyamis,"
a variety of coconut. The name persisted as a geographical reference
and evolved into "Misamis," which became a chartered
city on July 16, 1948. It was renamed "Ozamiz" in honor
of the late Senator Jose Ozamiz, who pioneered underground resistance
activities in Misamis Occidental against Japanese colonialists,
was imprisoned at Fort Santiago, and finally executed at La Loam
Cemetery together with other Filipino patriots.
Physical
Characteristics
Location
and Land Area
Ozamiz
City is nestled at the entrance of Panguil Bay in Northern Mindanao
with an estimated land area of 25,641 hectares. Behind it stands
the 7,956 feet Malindang Mountain. It is bounded on the North
by the Mindanao Sea; on the east by Iligan Bay which separates
it from Cagayan de Oro; on the south by the province of Zamboanga
del Sur.
Climate
Ozamiz
City falls under VI or the intermediate type B of the Corona Climate
classification. Weather is fairly uniform or rainfall is
more or less fairly distributed throughout the year although the
months of February to April are quite drier. The wettest
months occur during November to December while dry months occur
from February to March. Temperatures is about equal, averaging
to 27ēC. The entire city is on the outside fringe of the
typhoon belt and is seldom affected directly by tropical storms.
Topography
and Land Features
Ozamiz
City is characterized by its low flat elevation in urban areas
rising in gentle slope upward to the west as it approaches the
interior. The terrain toward the western border is particularly
rugged and very sparsely settled as hills and rolling lands are
among its physical features.
The
elevation of Ozamiz City ranes from the flat lowland of the poblacion
and coastal barangays at about 1.9 meters above sea level to 562.55
meters above sea level of the nearest barangay approaching Mt.
Malindang, Barangay Gala. Other highly elevated barangays
are Guimad, Trigos and Sangay Daku having an elevation of
432.25 meters and 235.43 meters respectively. It is not
surprising that the climates in these particular barangays are
noted to be cool and chilly, the inviting charms that made them
a promising potential for tourist development.
Mt.
Malindang, the landmark of the city and of the province of Misamis
Occidental has the highest elevation of approximately 2,411 meters
above sea level. The mountain serves as a protecting wall
against typhoons and strong winds.
Geology
So
far, there is no detailed data on the presence of either metallic
or non-metallic minerals in the city. The aggregate materials
found abundant in Ozamiz City are sand and gravel in pebble, cobble
and boulder sizes. Quarrying of the non-metallic minerals
are located along Labo River. These aggregates are used
for road construction, foundation and building works.
Soil
There
are eight (8) types of soil found in the city, the hydrosol, bantog,
clay, guimbalaon clay loam, stony phase, adyuton clay, camiguin
clay, jasaan clay and mountain soils (undifferentaitated).
Demographic
Profile
Population
Trends
Ozamiz
City is the most populous unit within the geographic area of Misamis
Occidental. Its population was 110,420 in 2000 representing
roughly 22.69% of the whole population of the province of Misamis
Occidental. This represents an increase of 8,476 during
the intercensal years indicating an annual growth rate of 1.73.
There were about 22,170 households in the city having an average
of 5 members per households.
Movement
of people within the city maybe inferred from the population changes
in the different barangays. The trend of population in the
remote barangays has been absorbed by other barangays adjacent
to the poblacion. Among the 51 barangays, Tinago, considered
as one of the blighted areas registered the highest population.
This was followed by barangay Aguada.
Population
by Sex and Age Group
The
city has a young age structure. Age group 0-14 comprised
36% of the total population. The productive age group whose
ages range from 15-64 constituted 60%. The older age group
which comprises age group 65 and over constituted roughly 4% of
the total population.
the
effect of the city's young age structure is high dependency ratio.
The dependency ratio is roughly 66.24% which implies that for
every 10 persons engaged in any economic activity, 7 are dependent
for economic support.
The
National Statistics Office survey on population showed on the
average women slightly outnumbered the male by 1 indicating an
almost even distribution between the female and male population
of the city.
Female
composition of the productive age group exceeded that of the male
by 2.2%. However, on the young age group the male outnumbered
the female, while on the older age group female population slightly
outnumbered the male.
Population Density
If
its population is evenly distributed in proportion to its total
land area of 164.07 square kilometers, there would be about 673
persons per square kilometers in 2000 as against 621.34 persons
per square kilometer in 1995.
Births
and Deaths
The
year 2002 registered a decrease in the number of births from 4,434
in 2001 to 2,683 indicating 39.49 percentage of change.
From 2002 to 2003, a total number of births decreased by 1,071
or 39.91%.
On
the other hand, death also posted a decreasing trend. Recorded
deaths in 2001 was 995, in 2002, a total of 887 deaths were registered
and 2003 a decreased by 69 with total of 818 deaths.
Socio-Economic
Indicators
Health,
Nutrition and Family Planning
Ozamiz
City has two government hospitals and seven privately owned hospitals,
which are attending to the health of the people in the city and
its neighboring places. There are fifteen drugstores and
forty-nine medical-dental clinics which catered to the people's
need for medicines and services.
For
the last four years the nutritional status of children had greatly
improved. There was a decreasing trend in the prevalence
of moderately and severely malnourished pre-school and school
children.
Health
and nutrition are usually the basic needs of the younger age population
(ages 0-14). It is hoped that incidence of ailments be reduced
during the four-year period.
Health
services are extended such as immunization, pre/post-natal services,
sputum microscopy, treatment of sputum positive cases, smear examination
and treatment of STD cases and family planning assistant.
Infant
mortality rate went down from 30.94% in 2002 to 18.61% in 2003.
It showed a significant decrease due to the presence of health
centers with personnel assigned there at rural and urban barangays.
The populace sought medical consultation and treatment.
They became more health conscious. In the rural areas, some
people still depend on folk medicines.
The
health sector is manned by four (4) physicians, eleven (11) nurses,
twenty (20) midwives, two (2) medical technologists, fourteen
(14) sanitary inspectors, forty-five (45) trained hilots and five
hundred ninety-nine (599) active Barangay health workers.
For
the last two years the leading cause of morbidity for all ages
was pneumonia, however in 2003, diarrhea became the number one
leading cause of morbidity with a rate of 3,228.99 per 100,000
population and pneumonia became number two. The needs of
the populace are massive information/education campaign on preventive
rather than curative medicine.
Safe
water supply is about 96.5%. However, due to some leakage
of pipelines and poor drainage facilities, water and food-borned
diseases existed. Per census of the sanitary inspectors,
30.27% of the households have unsanitary toilets and no toilets
at all.
Health
Indicators, 2003
| Births |
Number |
1,612 |
| Rate |
13.73 |
| Deaths |
Number |
818 |
| Deaths |
6.97 |
| Infant
Deaths |
Number |
30 |
| Rate |
18.61 |
| Maternal
Deaths |
Number |
0 |
| Rate |
0.00 |
| Nutritional
Status |
Severely
Underweight |
12 |
| Moderately
Underweight |
249 |
| Mildly
Underweight |
1,776 |
| Normal |
13,087 |
| Overweight |
444 |
| Family
Planning Program |
New
Acceptors |
Condom |
275 |
| Injectables |
337 |
| IUD |
92 |
| LAM |
1,134 |
| Natural
Family Planning |
188 |
| Pills |
453 |
| Male
Sterilization |
1 |
| female
Sterilization |
22 |
| TOTAL
New Acceptors |
2,502 |
| Current
Users |
Condom |
949 |
| Injectables |
1,123 |
| IUD |
730 |
| LAM |
752 |
| Natural
Family Planning |
284 |
| Pills |
2,883 |
| Male
Sterilization |
26 |
| female
Sterilization |
379 |
| TOTAL
Current Users |
7,126 |
| Contraceptive
Prevalence Rate |
43.35 |
| Health
Manpower |
Physician |
4 |
| Nurses |
11 |
| Midwives |
20 |
| Rural
Sanitary Inspector |
14 |
| Dentist |
1 |
| Medical
Technologist |
2 |
| Dental
Aide |
1 |
| Active
Barangay Health Workers |
599 |
| Trained
Birth Attendants |
45 |
| Leading
Causes of Morbidity |
Pnuemonia |
Number |
3,371 |
| Rate |
2,871.26 |
| Diarrhea |
Number |
3,791 |
| Rate |
3,228.99 |
| Wounds/Injuries |
Number |
2,054 |
| Rate |
1,749.50 |
| Bronchitis |
Number |
2,013 |
| Rate |
1,714.58 |
| Hypertension |
Number |
1,434 |
| Rate |
1,221.41 |
| Influenza |
Number |
2,593 |
| Rate |
2,208.59 |
| URTI |
Number |
1,425 |
| Rate |
1,213.75 |
| Skin
Diseases |
Number |
735 |
| Rate |
626.04 |
| Parasitism |
Number |
486 |
| Rate |
413.95 |
| Tonsillitis |
Number |
521 |
| Rate |
443.76 |
| Household
with Access to Safe Water |
Level
I |
8,674 |
| Level
II |
3,543 |
| Level
III |
8,575 |
| Household
With Sanitary Toilet |
15,015 |
Education
and Manpower Development
The
SY 2003-2004 brought some major initiatives and efforts being
pursued by the Department of Education. It aimed at instituting
improvements on access to quality basic education. In the
first quarter of 2003, it directed its efforts to review and assess
various school programs and projects, their implementing procedures
and activities and the extent to which set goals and targets had
been met.
The
DepEd was determined to pursue on-going educational programs as
well as developed and implemented strategies designed to facilitate
physical facilities, staff and curriculum developments which would
redound to improved pupil/student performance. It directed
its efforts to improve the quality of basic education and expanded
access to hinterland areas so that all children can attain a high
level of learning achievement. Likewise, it had taken measures
to propel not only the educational workforce but also other sectors
of society to commit to basic education in order to ensure that
the fundamental learning needed for quality life would be a reality
for every Filipino. It aimed to develop Filipinos into functional
literate, economically secure, socially and morally responsible
and nationalistic citizens who would contribute to positive global
development. It focused its educational efforts on the promotion
of a culture of excellence in its academic programs to produce
a quality-educated citizenry who would be ready to participate
in the modern atmosphere of the high technology life of the third
millennium global competitiveness.
The
non-formal education and vocational courses are effective and
applicable. Non-formal courses are designed to improve the
abilities, values, aspirations, and skills of the people.
The trades learned by the clientele were applicable. For
the drop-outs and out-of-school youths, the courses most effective
are Cosmetology, Dressmaking, Tailoring, Handicraft, Flower-making,
Cooking, Baking, Practical Electricity, Automotive, Silk Screen
Printing, and Hollow Blocks Making. The contents of these
courses were generally tasked-related and most practical.
Education
Indicators, SY 2003-2004
| Preschool |
Number
of Schools |
Government |
12 |
| Private |
10 |
| Number
of Teachers |
Government |
8 |
| Private |
8 |
| Elementary |
Number
of Schools |
Government |
47 |
| Private |
10 |
| Number
of Teachers |
Government |
553 |
| Private |
76 |
| Number
of Enrollees |
Government |
Male |
9,564 |
| Female |
9,094 |
| Private |
Male |
809 |
| Female |
768 |
| Survival
Rate |
Male |
70.96 |
| Female |
82.1 |
| Participation
Rate |
Government |
Male |
84.01 |
| Female |
78.33 |
| Private |
Male |
7.62 |
| Female |
7.17 |
| Teacher-Pupil
Ratio |
1:33 |
| %
of Children Who are Moderately and Severely Underweight |
21.25 |
| Secondary |
Number
of Schools |
Government |
6 |
| Private |
8 |
| Number
of Teachers |
Government |
241 |
| Private |
82 |
| Number
of Enrollees |
Government |
Male |
4,130 |
| Female |
4,352 |
| Private |
Male |
956 |
| Female |
1,150 |
| Participation
Rate |
Government |
Male |
45.67 |
| Female |
53.30 |
| Private |
Male |
- |
| Female |
- |
| Government
Teacher-Student Ratio |
1:37 |
| Government
Classroom-Student Ratio |
1 |
| Tertiary |
Number
of Schools (2001-2002) |
Sectarian |
1 |
| Non-sectarian |
4 |
| Functional
Literacy Rate (2002) |
Male |
72.95 |
| Female |
63.81 |
| Both |
68.38 |
| Simple
Literacy Rate (2002) |
Male |
83.58 |
| Female |
87.99 |
| Both |
85.78 |
Housing
and Resettlement
Ozamiz
City has a total population of 110,420 comprising 22,170 households
with an average size of five members per household.
Like
any other urban areas in the country, Ozamiz City is confronted
with the problem of providing housing to its increasing population.
The most pressing problem that is faced by the city is the proliferation
of slum dwellers and squatters.
As
of 2000, the city has a total number of 21,663 occupied housing
units: 19,343 single houses, 909 duplex, 940 multi-unit residential,
101 commercial/industrial/agricultural, 8 institutional living
quarters, 5 other housing unit and 357 were not reported.
The ratio of households to occupied housing units is 1.02 while
the ratio of household population to occupied housing units is
5.08.
Road
Network
As of 1998, the
city has 155 roads with a total length of 220.461 kilometers
of all types of roads. Barangay roads account for the
highest with 172.992 kilometers or 79% followed by national
roads and city streets with 26.956 kilometers and 20.513 kilometers
representing 12% and 9% respectively.
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